Frequently Asked Questions …
指定遗嘱执行人–遗嘱执行人将是实现您愿望的人;他们也可以委托专业受托人(可以是从事更复杂的遗产管理工作的律师或专业信托公司);
- 有权代表死者提交最终纳税申报表;
- 通常有权支付葬礼费用;
- 其意图是赋予执行人广泛权力和权威,尤其是在资产相对较少地区的较小地产(房地产、银行账户)。
委任某人担任未成年儿童监护人:
- 您有权委托您孩子的监护人(看护人),但监护人不能自动成为儿童财产的监护人;这必须通过向法院提出申请;您的愿望将进行考虑。
- 另一种选择是指定某个人为资产受托人–管理资产并按需要支付资金–通常只有当您拥有更多的实质性资产,而且您对监护人管理资产的能力有所顾虑时,才会这样做。
在分配您的资产之前,您可以为您的RRSP、共同基金、您可以指定受益人的任何类型的养老保险以及保险单来指定受益人(这也是得到财务顾问建议的最好方法)。
- 这样做的好处在于可以避免支付这些资产价值的认证费用(“遗产管理税”),因为这些资产不再流入您的财产,而是直接流向受益人。
如果成年受益人拥有配偶,那么您可以确保遗产只传给受益人而不是他们的配偶,并且,如果配偶处于离婚或分居状态,那么您可以将您的礼物排除在家庭财产净额之外。
遗产分配受法律管辖: 继承改革法:
- 在第一个200,000美元的遗产数额中,配偶享有优先份额;然后,剩余部分在配偶和健在子女之间进行分配,具体如下:
- 如果只有一个孩子,那么剩余部分按比例1:1分配。
- 如果超过一个孩子,那么配偶有权获得三分之一,其余三分之二由子女平均分配。
- 如果没有配偶且无子女,那么按照下列顺序进行先后分配:
- 健在的父母;
- 兄弟姐妹;
- 侄女和侄子
- 《继承改革法》中定义的“近亲”。
拥有共同,当一名或多名其他业主死亡,业主享有生者所有权时。共同拥有,业主保留关于房产的个人权利,因为利益作为其遗产的一部分进行处理,而不转给其他业主。受托人,持有业权是为了受益人的利益,等等。
律师可以确保公开任何意外–例如,隐藏或额外费用。如果将房产作为投资资产,而不是用作主要居所时,那么在结束时会发生什么事情。
虽然调查对律师来说并不是必须的,但却是有用的,它可以帮助确定是否存在侵犯所购土地的情况,并有助于确认被转让土地是购买者所认为的他们正在购买的土地。
所有权保险是一种确保财产所有人能够拥有所谓的“好的产权”的保险。这意味着所有人能够将土地转让给其他人,因为他们拥有所需的合法所有权。
所有权保险不是强制性的。它通常取代由律师进行的关于下列方面的搜查:遵守分区规定、未完成的建筑许可证、欠税、公用事业欠款,这些费用加起来可能高于所有权保险的费用。因此,律师通常建议用所有权保险代替这些费用。
除了支付水电费和欠税之外,它还可以解决在结束之后才发现的问题–例如,由于前任业主在进行改进或翻修时没有适当许可证或遵守建筑规范而产生的建筑问题。
Other than paying utilities and tax arrears, it can also address problems that are discovered after closing – for example, construction issues with the property that arise due to a previous owner not having the proper permits or compliance with building code when making improvements or doing renovations.
Title Insurance is not mandatory. It usually takes the place of searches that can be conducted by a lawyer respecting: zoning compliance, building permits outstanding, tax arrears, utilities arrears, which can add up to be more costly than the Title Insurance premium. Accordingly, a lawyer often recommends title insurance to take the place of these.
Title insurance is a policy that insures that a property owner is able to have what’s called “good title”. Meaning the owner is able to convey land to someone else, because they have the proper legal ownership required.
Although not necessary, a survey is useful for a lawyer to determine whether there are encroachments on the land being purchased, and to help confirm that the land being conveyed is what the purchaser thinks they are buying.
The lawyer can make sure that any surprises are disclosed – for example, hidden or additional costs. What happens on closing in the event the property is used as investment property rather than as a principal residence.
Joint tenants, where owners have survivorship rights when one or more other owners die. Tenants in common, where owners retain individual rights to the property, as interests are disposed of as part of their estate, and does not pass to other owners. Trustees, where title is held for the benefit of beneficiaries, etc.
Distribution of your estate will be governed by legislation: the Succession Law Reform Act:
- Spouse gets preferential share in the amount of the first $200,000 in value of the estate; then the residue is divided between the spouse and surviving children, as follows:
- If only one child, then the residue is divided 50-50
- If more than one child, then spouse is entitled to one third, and the remaining two-thirds is divided equally among the children
- If there is no spouse and no children, then in the order of priority to:
- the surviving parents;
- to siblings;
- nieces and nephews
- “next-of-kin” as defined in the Succession Law Reform Act
Appoint an executor – the executor will be the person carrying out your wishes; they may also appoint professional trustees (who can be lawyers or professional trust companies for more onerous work of administering an estate);
- Has authority to file final tax return on behalf of the deceased;
- Usually will have authority to pay funeral costs;
- Intention is to endow executor with broad powers and authorities, especially with smaller estates where there are relatively few assets (real estate, bank accounts)
Appoint someone to act as minor children’s guardian
- You have right to appoint a guardian of your child’s person (a caretaker), but that guardian does not automatically have right to be guardian of the child’s property; this must be done by application to the court; your wishes are taken into consideration
- The alternative is to appoint someone a trustee of the assets – to manage the assets and to pay out funds as required – usually only when you have more substantial assets and you have concerns about the guardian’s abilities to manage the assets
Prior to divvying up your assets, you can designate beneficiaries for your RRSPs, mutual funds, any kinds of annuities where you can designate a beneficiary, and insurance policies (this is also best done with advice from a financial adviser)
- This has the benefit of avoiding probate fees (“estate administration tax”) on the value of those assets, as they no longer flow into your estate; but rather flow to the beneficiaries directly.
If there are grown beneficiaries with spouses, you can ensure the estate only passes to the beneficiary and not their spouse, and if the spouses divorce or separate, you can exclude your gift from calculation of net family property.
指定遺囑執行人–遺囑執行人將是實現您願望的人;他們也可以委託專業受託人(可以是從事更複雜的遺產管理工作的律師或專業信託公司);
- 有權代表死者提交最終納稅申報表;
- 通常有權支付葬禮費用;
- 其意圖是賦予執行人廣泛權力和權威,尤其是在資產相對較少地區的較小地產(房地產、銀行賬戶)。
委任某人擔任未成年兒童監護人:
- 您有權委託您孩子的監護人(看護人),但監護人不能自動成為兒童財產的監護人;這必須通過向法院提出申請;您的願望將進行考慮。
- 另一種選擇是指定某個人為資產受託人–管理資產並按需要支付資金–通常只有當您擁有更多的實質性資產,而且您對監護人管理資產的能力有所顧慮時,才會這樣做。
在分配您的資產之前,您可以為您的RRSP、共同基金、您可以指定受益人的任何類型的養老保險以及保險單來指定受益人(這也是得到財務顧問建議的最好方法)。
- 這樣做的好處在於可以避免支付這些資產價值的認證費用(“遺產管理稅”),因為這些資產不再流入您的財產,而是直接流向受益人。
如果成年受益人擁有配偶,那麼您可以確保遺產只傳給受益人而不是他們的配偶,並且,如果配偶處於離婚或分居狀態,那麼您可以將您的禮物排除在家庭財產淨額之外。
遺產分配受法律管轄: 繼承改革法:
- 在第一個200,000美元的遺產數額中,配偶享有優先份額;然後,剩餘部分在配偶和健在子女之間進行分配,具體如下:
- 如果只有一個孩子,那麼剩餘部分按比例1:1分配。
- 如果超過一個孩子,那麼配偶有權獲得三分之一,其餘三分之二由子女平均分配。
- 如果沒有配偶且無子女,那麼按照下列順序進行先後分配:
- 健在的父母;
- 兄弟姐妹;
- 侄女和侄子
- 《繼承改革法》中定義的“近親”。
擁有共同,當一名或多名其他業主死亡,業主享有生者所有權時。共同擁有,業主保留關於房產的個人權利,因為利益作為其遺產的一部分進行處理,而不轉給其他業主。受託人,持有業權是為了受益人的利益,等等。
律師可以確保公開任何意外–例如,隱藏或額外費用。如果將房產作為投資資產,而不是用作主要居所時,那麼在結束時會發生什麼事情。
雖然調查對律師來說並不是必須的,但卻是有用的,它可以幫助確定是否存在侵犯所購土地的情況,並有助於確認被轉讓土地是購買者所認為的他們正在購買的土地。
所有權保險是一種確保財產所有人能夠擁有所謂的“好的產權”的保險。這意味著所有人能夠將土地轉讓給其他人,因為他們擁有所需的合法所有權。
所有權保險不是強制性的。它通常取代由律師進行的關於下列方面的搜查:遵守分區規定、未完成的建築許可證、欠稅、公用事業欠款,這些費用加起來可能高於所有權保險的費用。因此,律師通常建議用所有權保險代替這些費用。
除了支付水電費和欠稅之外,它還可以解決在結束之後才發現的問題–例如,由於前任業主在進行改進或翻修時沒有適當許可證或遵守建築規範而產生的建築問題。